The administration has not been immune to criticism, especially regarding policy blunders made by ministers in the face of the government’s efforts to cut budget spending and the decline in consumer purchasing power. 

The administration’s performance is seen as ineffective, with several programs showing a lack of clear planning and execution on the ground.

In the area of rule of law, democracy, and constitutional law, Dr. Hendry Noor Julian, a lecturer at UGM’s Faculty of Law (FH UGM), raised concerns about the weakening of the government’s check-and-balance system. 

He referenced Donald Black’s theory from The Behavior of Law, which states that political proximity can cause laws to lose force. 

This refers to the dominance of coalitions in parliament, which could reduce the effectiveness of oversight over government policies. 

“Instead of acting as a control mechanism, the executive-legislative relationship now tends to be more of a partnership,” Dr. Julian explained during the Pojok Bulaksumur Discussion titled “From Promises to Actions: 100 Days of the Prabowo-Gibran Administration,” held in the central corridor of UGM’s Central Office, Friday (Feb. 7).

At the beginning of his administration, Dr. Julian noted that Prabowo’s idea of forgiving corrupt officials drew significant criticism and backlash. From a legal standpoint, a person’s status as a corrupt official must be based on a final legal ruling. 

If mechanisms allow corrupt officials to be freed after returning state funds, it could lead to numerous issues, particularly in terms of law enforcement and justice. 

“Given the current legal and institutional systems, I’m not even confident that more than 20 percent of this policy will succeed,” Dr. Julian remarked.

From a political and governance perspective, Dr. Mada Sukmajati of UGM’s Department of Politics and Government noted that the promises outlined in Asta Cita—the eight priority programs of the Prabowo-Gibran administration—have yet to materialize. 

He mentioned several programs, such as free nutritious lunches, free health check-ups, and the development of excellent schools, that still lack clear planning and execution. 

“If we’re talking about well-designed programs with quick results, the designs should have been clear within these 100 days. But the reality is that the implementation is still partial, and in some aspects, we don’t even know how the mechanisms work,” Dr. Sukmajati added.

Despite the limited policy achievements, Dr. Sukmajati also questioned the high public satisfaction levels with the Prabowo-Gibran administration. 

“An approval rating of 80 percent raises significant questions. Is it because the public remains optimistic about the government, or were the surveys conducted under certain conditions that skewed the results?” Dr. Sukmajati explained.

UGM economist Dr. Yudistira Hendra Permana also scrutinized the administration’s debt relief policy for MSMEs, farmers, and fishermen. He saw it as more of a desperate measure than a long-term solution to improving the economy. 

“Is this a step to stimulate economic growth, or does it signal that the government has run out of options?” he asked.

Dr. Permana also addressed budget cuts in various sectors due to the growing fiscal deficit and policies that fail to consider long-term economic sustainability.

Furthermore, Dr. Permana commented that the administration’s target of achieving 8% economic growth was overly ambitious, given the ongoing global economic slowdown. 

In fact, over the past few months, Indonesia’s economic growth has faced deflationary pressures. 

“Reaching 8% growth in the next five years seems unrealistic without concrete strategies and more structured economic policies,” he said.

Answering reporters’ questions about the political context, Dr. Sukmajati noted that the Prabowo-Gibran administration is still seeking balance in power dynamics and oligarchic interests. 

The relationship between the ruling elite and business interests is undergoing a reconfiguration, with both past and new economic-political networks negotiating dominance over current government policies.

Dr. Sukmajati also commented on President Prabowo’s reliance on military networks to support government programs. 

He believed this choice was logical, as the limited political and bureaucratic networks meant the military became the primary tool for distributing priority programs, such as free school lunches. 

“However, this approach could also pose challenges for law and democracy,” he noted.

Experts view this tradition of evaluating the administration’s first 100 days as an important moment to assess the initial steps of government policies. 

While it is not the ultimate measure of a government’s success, the first 100 days often indicate the direction of policies and the commitment of leaders to fulfilling campaign promises. Therefore, the public and the media are expected to continue monitoring key programs to ensure they bring real benefits to the people’s welfare.

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This research revealed that tea bags made from plastic materials have the potential to release millions of microplastic particles into the body. 

The reason is that when polymer-based tea bags are placed in hot water, the microplastic particles released can be absorbed by intestinal cells and enter the bloodstream.

Rafika Aprilianti, a microplastic researcher at the Ecological Observation and Wetlands Conservation (Ecoton), presented this discovery on Monday (Feb. 3). 

Five widely available tea bag products were also tested, all of which released microplastics when brewed.

Responding to these findings, Dr. Annisa Utami Rauf, a lecturer in the Department of Health Behavior, Environment, and Social Medicine, UGM Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing (FK-KMK UGM), stated that these results do not mean tea bags should immediately be banned. 

According to her, no established regulations specifying the acceptable level of microplastics in tea bags exist. Even the hanging string of the tea bag contains microplastic fragments. 

“To my knowledge, there is no established standard level. So, we don’t know, for example, if drinking it several times is harmful or if one drink is dangerous. However, microplastics are considered emerging contaminants,” she said.

For consumers who enjoy tea bags but are concerned about microplastics, she suggested switching to brewed tea filtered with a strainer or using loose-leaf tea.

To address the microplastic issue in tea bag products, she emphasized the importance of informing the public that tea bags indeed contain microplastics. 

“We first need to educate people about this issue, that the content does exist. Once they know, we can recommend that they should not consume it too frequently,” she explained.

Additionally, she suggested that there should be education for the public to raise awareness about microplastics. 

“Microplastics are actually present in every component, such as minerals and soil. However, tea bags enter the digestive system directly, and we don’t know the long-term effects. That’s what makes it dangerous because not all fragments can be excreted from the body,” Dr. Rauf said.

Nonetheless, she mentioned that not all tea bags are made from plastic; some are made from paper, which does not produce microplastics compared to plastic-based tea bags. In light of these findings, she recommended that the public be more mindful in selecting daily products, including tea bags. 

“It’s best to switch to paper tea bags or other environmentally friendly materials to reduce microplastic exposure,” she advised.

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However, in this case, a team from the UGM Faculty of Biology and the University of Edinburgh created a robot using the real skeleton of a monitor lizard. 

This collaboration resulted in a necrobot monitor lizard capable of simple movements, serving as a learning tool in animal systematics. 

This technology integrates science and engineering through cooperation between the two universities.

Dr. Eko Agus Suyono, a lecturer at Biology UGM, and Dr. Parvez Alam, a lecturer at the University of Edinburgh, initiated the research in September last year. 

The idea began when Dr. Alam invited Leo Foulds and Nadia Ditta, two of his master’s degree students from the School of Engineering at the University of Edinburgh, to come and work at the Animal Systematics Laboratory, Biology UGM, to study reptile skeletons, particularly those of monitor lizards and snakes. 

“At that time, Biology lecturer Donan Satria Yudha provided information on the movement, taxonomy, and anatomy of reptiles in Indonesia,” Dr. Suyono explained in a statement to reporters on Friday (Feb. 7).

He said that during the first two weeks, the two teams divided tasks, with Dr. Alam recording the movements of live adult monitor lizards while walking. 

Then, both teams studied the mechanics of the monitor lizard’s bones and performed a CT scan of the skeleton to create a mold of it. 

“This skeleton mold would later be fitted with the robot machinery upon returning to Edinburgh,” he added.

In mid-January 2025, Dr. Alam contacted Dr. Suyono and Yudha to share a video showing the mold of the monitor lizard skeleton walking after being equipped with necrobot machinery. 

At the end of January 2025, Alam returned to the Faculty of Biology UGM to install the robot machinery onto the actual monitor lizard skeleton. 

“During the assembly of the robot machinery onto the monitor lizard skeleton, Yudha was assisted by Frans from the Museum of Biology and several students,” Dr. Suyono said.

The assembly process involved Yudha, a lecturer from the Animal Systematics Laboratory, working with FX Sugiyo Pranoto from the UGM Museum of Biology, and several students, including Rashif Naufal Andika, Ananto Puradi Nainggolan, Maula Haqul Dafa, Arkanniti Dibyawedha Adisajjana, and Afif Fatah Rizki.

Assembling the robot machinery onto the actual monitor lizard skeleton, according to Dr. Suyono, was not easy. 

Dr. Alam completed it in three days, successfully creating a necrobot monitor lizard capable of simple movements. 

This result was very satisfying, considering the materials, composition, and structure differences between the mold and the actual bones. 

Dr. Alam later donated the necrobot monitor lizard to the Animal Systematics Laboratory, Biology UGM, as a new learning tool for lecturers and students. 

“For the Faculty of Biology, the process of studying and assembling necrobots from a monitor lizard skeleton provides new knowledge,” he concluded.

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Goats are also resilient to high temperatures and drought. With these advantages, goats are predicted to become a sustainable source of food security, economically viable, and adaptive to climate change in the future.

According to the 2018 FAO report, when the population of other livestock decreases, the goat population is expected to surpass that of sheep. 

As of 2023, goats are the most productive livestock in Indonesia, with a population of 19.398 million, compared to cattle, which number 18.6 million.

Professor Kustantinah of the UGM Faculty of Animal Science believes that Indonesia’s abundant natural resources will increase the goat population by 3.2% annually and further. 

“The development of livestock throughout Indonesia can be done in suitable environments by empowering existing universities,” she said Friday (Feb. 7).

The Head of the Department of Nutrition and Animal Feed at Animal Science UGM mentioned that Indonesia currently has around 59 faculties of animal science. 

With collaboration, livestock development is expected to be easier to implement.

To boost meat production, meat-type goats, such as Bligon, Kacang, and Marica goats, should be developed. 

“The demand for meat-type goats is quite high, especially during Eid al-Adha (sacrificial feast), and even for export purposes, the potential remains wide open,” she explained.

She also advocated for a Livestock Development Plan involving higher education institutions every five years, or REPELITA, to increase the goat population in Indonesia.

At Animal Science UGM, Professor Kustantinah mentioned several goat development activities have been conducted by staff from the Laboratory of Animal Feed Science in collaboration with other laboratories within the Department of Nutrition and Animal Feed. 

One such initiative is a community service program in a foster village in Nyemani Hamlet, Sidoharjo Village, Samigaluh District, Kulon Progo Regency. 

“The development of goat farming there is mostly managed by women’s farmer groups (KWT), as seen in Gunungkidul, Kulon Progo, and Sleman,” she concluded.

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This policy is based on an agreement between the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, and Technology and the Ministry of Health of Indonesia. 

Vice Dean of the UGM Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing (FK-KMK UGM), Dr. Ahmad Hamim Sadewa, responded positively to this government initiative. 

“Of course, we at UGM welcome this policy. As the team is still being formed, we hope for a synchronized and harmonious collaboration,” Dr. Sadewa said on Friday (Feb. 7).

He acknowledged that the design for this joint selection process is not easy and still requires various plans. Therefore, FK-KMK UGM is still awaiting an official directive regarding the joint selection, meaning that the PPDS admission scheduled for March will still use each university’s respective scheme.

The joint selection policy for PPDS aims to increase the number of specialist doctors while also addressing their distribution across all regions of Indonesia. 

This effort has actually been underway since 2022 through several programs, such as increasing the student quota for undergraduate and specialist doctoral programs and adding new study programs. 

The specialist and subspecialist doctor programs have produced 4,000 graduates annually. Unfortunately, this number is still insufficient to meet the demand for specialist doctors in several regions. 

“The issue of equitable distribution is quite complex. It’s not just about PPDS, but also how to get specialist doctors to work in the regions,” Dr. Sadewa explained.

The affirmative pathway for program admission is a policy introduced to address the shortage of specialist doctors. Each region is allocated a minimum quota of 10%, prioritized for affirmative specialist doctor admissions. 

“This is aimed so that after graduation, they can return to work in their home regions,” he explained.

However, according to Dr. Sadewa, this policy has not fully resolved the issue of the shortage of specialist doctors. 

He added that most doctors tend to move to the cities after graduating and working for a few years in the regions. The low retention rate of specialist doctors is due to several factors, including infrastructure, incentives, and security issues. 

“Many are reluctant to continue working in the regions due to limited access, inadequate incentives, and security threats. These aspects are essential for doctors to work optimally,” Dr. Sadewa concluded.

He suggested that the government should consider security guarantees and complete medical facilities in regional healthcare services. 

Regarding the flow and aspects of competence tested in PPDS, Dr. Sadewa proposed adding assessments beyond general knowledge. He believes it is important for doctors to have good mental health stability in handling patients. 

“I think it would be useful to add tests to assess mental health and attitude, not just basic competencies. That’s important,” Dr. Sadewa added.

He also recommended two admission pathways for PPDS: joint selection and independent admission. Adding a new admission pathway would be easier than replacing the existing system. 

“Currently, many universities still need to work on opening new study programs specifically for specialist/subspecialist doctors,” he said.

Dr. Sadewa stated that FK-KMK UGM supports the establishment of specialist and subspecialist education at several universities. 

Among other things, UGM assisted in opening a neurology study program at Universitas Jenderal Soedirman and an internal medicine study program at Universitas Islam Sultan Agung. 

“At FK-KMK UGM, we also assist several universities in establishing specialist doctor programs. This effort is to ensure it can be carried out together,” he concluded.

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These include the limited time of demographic bonus, the impact of climate change, the global economic slowdown, the threat of new pandemics, and disruptions caused by artificial intelligence.

In response to these challenges, the director-general urged universities to collaborate with industries and communities to support the government’s programs in ensuring the success of national development. 

“Our goal is to create an ecosystem that allows the community to experience the results of research and innovation from universities,” he said at the national workshop and sharing session titled “Synergy of Law Faculties: The Role of Sustainable Community Service” held at the UGM Faculty of Law (FH UGM), Thursday (Feb. 6).

Dr. Adziman then explained the priority programs and plans that the president and vice president are currently developing through Asta Cita. 

He emphasized that government programs and innovations developed by universities should reach and benefit the public.

He explained that the ministry no longer focuses on product-based research but has shifted toward challenge-based research, encouraging multidisciplinary interactions to solve societal problems. 

Research topics include artificial intelligence (AI), renewable energy, food and health technologies, transportation and infrastructure, advanced materials, and nanotechnology. He highlighted that current contributions are focused on solving social and socio-economic problems. 

“We can contribute, and the community can express what is needed,” Dr. Adziman hoped.

The Vice-Rector for Student Affairs, Community Service, and Alumni of UGM, Dr. Arie Sujito, said universities have an obligation to engage in community service in addition to providing education and conducting research. 

This is reinforced by Law No. 20 of 2003 on the National Education System, which mandates implementing and realizing the tri-dharma for universities. 

“I hope education’s mission is to enlighten the nation; therefore, ideally, the research results we have and the teaching supported by practical activities based on experience should inspire and provide benefits,” he stated.

He further explained that downstream is not only focused on industries but also on skills and knowledge gained to address issues in society. 

As a result, the social sciences and humanities, particularly law, can ensure that education, teaching, practice, and research can benefit society as a shared responsibility.

Furthermore, Dr. Sujito emphasized that universities can never be neutral because they are always grounded in human values, justice, and welfare. 

This is where law plays its role as a tool to translate the vision of community service to address societal issues. 

“Law should not make people fearful but rather bring them closer,” he concluded.

The Secretary of the UGM Directorate of Community Service, Dr. Djarot Heru Santosa, presented the achievements of UGM’s community service activities conducted through DPKM. One form of this service is carried out through the Community Service Program (KKN). 

“Primarily, it is the implementation of KKN, community service at Universitas Gadjah Mada, which has been initiated since 1971 and, to this day, remains a compulsory course at the university,” he explained.

Dr. Santosa added that every year, UGM sends an average of around 8,900 students across Indonesia, with the distribution covering 35 provinces, over 100 regencies, and more than 500 villages nationwide. 

“We also focus on border areas,” he said.

In implementing work programs, Dr. Santosa mentioned that KKN activities are directed to use research methods, even if simple. 

He also explained that the directorate publishes a community service journal four times yearly. 

“Community service activities can be turned into research,” Dr. Santosa added.

As a form of service, KKN aims to benefit communities so that the region or community becomes more independent. 

Dr. Santosa explained that to achieve this, the directorate employs strategies to improve community quality, which include interdisciplinarity, broad impact, program downstream, partnership models, thoroughness and sustainability, research-based approaches, and outcome-based approaches. 

“Coordination, collaboration, and publication are key,” he concluded.

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During the inauguration ceremony, Professor Widyastuti delivered her inaugural lecture titled “Predicting the Risk of Severe Perioperative Critical Events to Improve Patient Safety in Pediatric Anesthesia Procedures.”

In her speech, Professor Widyastuti explained that perioperative critical conditions are respiratory, cardiac, allergic, or neurological complications requiring immediate intervention, which, if not promptly addressed, could lead to disability or death. 

Anesthesia procedures for adults and children differ, and these differences make pediatric anesthesia procedures more prone to complications that can result in disability or death. Thus, a special approach is required to predict risks and mitigate them. 

No predictive tools exist in Indonesia to forecast perioperative critical events in children. 

“This has motivated me to raise this topic, so it can become a reference for predicting perioperative critical events in children in the future,” she stated.

Professor Widyastuti outlined several factors influencing severe perioperative critical events in children. In general anesthesia, newborns are at higher risk of perioperative critical events compared to other age groups due to their developing anatomy. 

Data-based studies have shown that girls have a 25% higher risk of cardiovascular critical events compared to boys. 

“Other influencing factors include congenital anomalies, which involve structural or functional body abnormalities present from birth, the patient’s condition, and the type of anesthesia used,” she explained.

A recent systematic review of perioperative risk assessment tools from 10 studies found that the accuracy of prediction scores for severe perioperative critical events varied, with mortality rates ranging from 0.3% to 3.6%. 

These models use age at surgery, the need for mechanical ventilation within 48 hours before surgery, and oxygen support as the main predictors. 

Other factors are inotropic support, sepsis, emergency case status, the presence of a “do-not-resuscitate” order, preoperative blood transfusion, cancer, hematologic disorders, physical status, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation before surgery.

Using perioperative critical event risk prediction tools is crucial in improving post-operative clinical outcomes in pediatric patients. 

The latest development uses artificial intelligence (AI) to identify the risk of severe perioperative critical events. 

Several studies have shown the benefits of machine learning in mapping post-operative complication risk factors.

According to Professor Widyastuti, assessing critical event risk is essential to minimize such risks. This effort should prioritize younger children. 

“In Indonesia, there is a need for a standardized predictive tool to forecast the risk of perioperative critical events in children, as well as a simple and practical clinical guideline that is easy to use,” she emphasized.

The Rector of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Professor Ova Emilia, mentioned that Professor Widyastuti is one of 525 active professors at UGM and one of 72 active professors out of 102 professors that FK-KMK UGM has ever had.

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Professor Isnansetyo received the award along with two other UGM lecturers: Dr. Rachma Wikandari from the UGM Faculty of Agricultural Technology (FTP UGM) and Professor Ika Dewi Ana from the UGM Faculty of Dentistry (FKG UGM).

Professor Isnansetyo won the Best Innovation Award for his innovation on a waste-free process for utilizing brown seaweed to control fish and shrimp disease and produce biofertilizers. 

“This innovation is inspired by Indonesia’s rich marine resources, which researchers or industries have not widely explored,” he told reporters on Thursday, Feb. 6, 2025.

According to him, brown seaweed (Phaeophyceae) contains a high alginate content and fucoidan. 

“Alginates can be applied in medicine, industry, food, feed, and fisheries,” he explained.

His research uses alginate and fucoidan compounds from brown seaweed for aquaculture. 

As a lecturer in the Department of Fisheries, Professor Isnansetyo uses alginates to enhance fish and shrimp immunity, while fucoidan improves fish vaccine effectiveness. 

“This research has produced several immunostimulant formulations based on alginate and fucoidan,” he said.

He hopes the research outcomes can be applied in the community by industries and fish farmers. 

The veterinary pharmaceutical industry can produce fish vaccines with adjuvants like fucoidan and immunostimulants. 

“These vaccines have been distributed to marine fish farmers to enhance fish immunity. We also collaborate with companies to commercialize these products,” he explained.

In the future, he hopes to continue the research to achieve more perfect results. 

One of his efforts is to upgrade the technology used to create vaccines and immunostimulants. 

Professor Isnansetyo revealed that his team had started developing nanoparticles in the form of nano-alginates and nanofucoidan. 

By creating nanoparticles, the effectiveness of the formulated products is expected to increase. 

“We aim to improve the quantity and quality of fishery production as a protein source to enhance public nutrition and health,” he said.

He acknowledged that his research utilizing brown seaweed is based on the concept of a zero-waste process. 

He is grateful for receiving the award for his research on brown seaweed utilization. 

In addition to the Hitachi Award, Professor Isnansetyo also received the 2023 Academic Leader in Maritime Affairs Award from the Directorate General of Higher Education. 

“I am proud to be part of UGM, as this award also reflects UGM’s nationally and internationally recognized reputation,” he added.

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UGM Biology lecturer Dr. Ganies Riza Aristya is researching the fungus Rhodotorula glutinis, commonly known as red yeast, as an alternative energy source. 

This fungus can be found in various environments and isolated from air, soil, grass, lakes, seas, food, fruits, human skin, and human waste. 

This research aims to optimize the use of microorganisms for bioenergy production as a renewable energy source to replace fossil fuels.

Dr. Aristya mentioned the potential of red yeast as an alternative energy source. Red yeast has great potential due to its ability to accumulate and produce large amounts of lipids. 

“In some cases, lipid accumulation in R. glutinis can reach 72.4%, making it a potential lipid producer for energy sources,” she told reporters on Thursday, Feb. 6, 2025.

Its ability to produce large amounts of lipids comes from a biosynthetic pathway that allows this microorganism to convert various carbon sources into high-value compounds, including lipids or other biopolymers. 

The development of lipid products can go beyond biofuels to biopolymer products such as bioplastic polymers like polyhydroxybutyrate.

“Optimizing the synthesis of essential compounds in this red yeast can be done through process, genetic, or metabolic engineering,” he explained.

Dr. Aristya said the selection of red yeast or R. glutinis as research material is based on its ability to accumulate high levels of lipids, particularly triacylglycerol (TAG), which can be converted into energy in the form of biofuel. 

“R. glutinis was also chosen because of its ability to grow on various substrates,” he said.

Not stopping there, red yeast’s ability to produce lipids over 15% of its dry cell weight, it can also metabolize various compounds used as carbon sources, such as monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides, organic acids, glycerol, raw materials, industrial by-products, and wastewater.

It is important to note that this fungus produces and accumulates lipids in large amounts when nitrogen is limited but carbon is sufficient. 

Under such conditions, the yeast redirects its metabolism to lipid biosynthesis as an energy reserve in the form of Triacylglycerol (TAG).

The resulting lipids can be extracted and converted into biodiesel as an energy source. 

“The lipids obtained from the yeast cells will be converted into biodiesel through transesterification, reacting TAG with methanol to produce biodiesel as fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The biodiesel obtained can be used as energy,” she said.

Research on the genetic engineering of this microorganism has been ongoing for eight years. 

For this research, Dr. Aristya and her team received a research grant from the Indonesia Toray Science Foundation (ITSF) under the Science and Technology Research Grant (STRG) category. 

With her work titled ‘Yeast Bioengineering for Sustainable Lipid-Based Energy Production from Rhodotorula glutinis,’ Dr. Aristya was one of 18 recipients of the STRG-ITSF award in 2025 on Jan. 30 in Jakarta.

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Therefore, clean and disease-free eggs are essential to prevent the spread of diseases that can affect public health, such as typhoid. 

“This disease occurs in eggs contaminated with Salmonella bacteria,” said Salma Nur Azizah, a 2022 UGM Faculty of Animal Science (Animal Science UGM) student, Thursday (Feb. 6).

In response to this issue, Azizah, along with fellow student Mohammad Rizky Zulfahmi, proposed using ultraviolet C (UV-C) light to combat Salmonella bacteria in the layer chicken farming industry. 

Azizah explained that UV-C light has the shortest wavelength among other ultraviolet rays. Based on various references they studied, UV-C light is strong enough to damage bacterial DNA, including Salmonella. 

“Using UV-C light to combat Salmonella contamination is an effective and simple method. UV-C light stops the growth of pathogenic bacteria by breaking their DNA chains,” she explained.

Zulfahmi added that the UV-C system designed to combat Salmonella bacteria consists of several parts: a control panel, sterilization plastic, egg tray, machine wheels, frame, gear wheels, conveyor belt, and UV-C light. 

Specifically, UV-C light can kill Salmonella bacteria in 10-15 minutes, depending on the wavelength and exposure time. 

“Installing UV-C light on the conveyor after grading can optimize time efficiency in industrial-scale operations. Therefore, it is important to introduce this UV-C sterilization method to the layer chicken farming industry to enhance food safety and quality,” Zulfahmi elaborated.

The creative idea from these two Animal Science students, under the supervision of Galuh Adi Insani, won 2nd place in the Poultry Literacy Competition held by Universitas Padjadjaran’s Poultry Professional Group from Aug. 27 to Sept. 26, 2024.

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