The biennial conference, “Forced Displacement in an Urbanizing World,” was held in response to issues regarding forced migration, which is prevalent in countries such as Myanmar, Palestine, and Indonesia.

“Indonesia is one of the countries with a significant potential for natural disaster threats,” said Professor Tri Nuke Pudjiastuti, a researcher at the Research Center for Politics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). 

During her keynote speech at the IASFM opening at Grha Sabha Pramana on Tuesday (Jan. 21), she emphasized that forced migration is necessary to ensure public safety.

According to Professor Pudjiastuti, forced migration has a long history in Southeast Asia. She mentioned three historical periods of forced migration in Southeast Asia, with the situation worsening since the Andaman Sea crisis. 

To this day, every continent tends to implement defensive and uncooperative policies to protect its interests. 

“Forced migration occurs due to the lack of legal and proper protection in fulfilling humanitarian needs,” she explained.

Dr. Queqo Ahimsam, an academic and researcher from Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany, said that he is researching international migration and has found that many countries have politically oriented policies toward becoming anti-immigrant nations. 

“People are being forced to leave and relocate from their homes,” he said.

Dr. Realisa Darathea Masardi, a lecturer in the Department of Anthropology, emphasized that this international conference is expected to strengthen academic efforts to address forced migration issues. 

“As a leading research university, Universitas Gadjah Mada must encourage academics to collaborate with activists and organizations related to forced migration,” she said.

According to her, the results of this conference should serve academic purposes and raise awareness among the Indonesian public. 

The ultimate goal of this event is to broaden understanding, potentially influencing government policies that remain non-inclusive towards refugees in Indonesia. 

“I believe this conference is intended to amplify unheard voices to reach the government,” she hoped.

In her welcoming remarks, UGM Rector Professor Ova Emilia expressed her appreciation to the academics, researchers, and international organization activists who spoke and attended the conference. 

“It is an honor for Universitas Gadjah Mada to host the 20th IASFM. I would also like to extend my thanks to all parties who supported the success of this conference,” she said.

The rector further stated that Universitas Gadjah Mada is committed to advancing knowledge through contemporary research, which will positively impact policy development and provide a platform for migrant voices to be heard.

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“Data doesn’t exist in a vacuum; an ecosystem surrounds it. It’s not always about numbers, datasets, and machine learning. For data to be used effectively, it must have an identity. This concept is what we call ‘data symphony,’” said Suwandi, Chief Data Officer of Lokadata, during a discussion organized by the Center for Digital Society at Fisipol UGM titled “Exploring Collaborative Potential in Data Utilization” on Thursday (Dec. 12) at the Fisipol UGM Auditorium.  

According to Suwandi, data is more than just a collection of information—it must be properly identified. He provided an example of how researchers in social sciences and humanities could reflect on data in relation to political or social realities. 

This approach not only simplifies data processing but also preserves its identity. Without this identity, processed data risks being inaccurate or irrelevant. 

“Data about young people’s sentiment toward taxes, for example, could yield varying results across different digital platforms. We must observe the patterns. Data isn’t merely a set of numbers but involves contextualization,” Suwandi explained.  

The diversity and complexity of data, he added, are advantages that enrich data analysis outcomes. 

Suwandi described the process of data handling using the knowledge cycle methodology, in which raw data must be combined into actionable information without losing its identity. 

These information clusters can then be refined into “knowledge,” allowing data to provide clear conclusions on the issues being studied.  

He shared how Lokadata collects, processes, and analyzes data related to Indonesia. Instead of relying on personal data, Lokadata primarily uses aggregated data in coded form. 

Suwandi also acknowledged that data management requires significant manpower and funding due to emerging trends involving diverse methods and types of analysis.  

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Artikel Data Analysis and Processing: The Key to Decision-Making pertama kali tampil pada Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Muhammad Jusuf Kalla, the 10th and 12th Vice President of Indonesia, conveyed this as he shared his experience in conflict resolution. 

He noted that many conflicts in Indonesia, initially thought to be rooted in ethnic or religious differences, were driven by dissatisfaction with the central government. One such example is the past GAM conflict.

According to Kalla, this conflict was actually caused by dissatisfaction with the central government. Aceh is rich in resources, but the region received only a small portion of its wealth. 

“GAM in Aceh started in 1976. We all know it was due to dissatisfaction with the central government. Why? Aceh is rich in natural resources, such as natural gas. But why did Aceh receive so little? Aceh didn’t progress, even though the gas in Lhokseumawe is extraordinary. So many people say it was about Sharia, but it wasn’t. It was about dissatisfaction with policies,” Kalla explained during his keynote speech at the National Seminar on “Conflict Resolution and Peace Experiences in the Context of Indonesia’s Democratic Future” on Thursday (Nov. 28).

Kalla added that in resolving vertical conflicts, such as the one in Aceh, the government must regard the conflicting parties as equals, not enemies of the state. 

“Negotiations must respect each other,” Kalla remarked.

Responding to Kalla’s statement, Professor Hamid Awaluddin, one of the architects of the Aceh conflict resolution alongside Kalla, agreed that the root of the Aceh conflict was not religious but rather a response to the injustice they experienced. 

He further explained that the Acehnese did not request the implementation of Islamic law in Aceh but was offered by the government. 

“One of my negotiating members said, ‘What more do you want? We’ve already given Sharia during Gusdur’s era.’ But GAM’s negotiators responded, ‘You are wrong. We never asked for Sharia, but you offered it, so we accepted.’ So, it wasn’t about religion; it was about injustice,” Professor Awaluddin revealed.

UGM Rector Professor Ova Emilia highlighted the importance of conflict resolution experiences and the connection between conflict resolution strategies, peacebuilding, and democratic development.

In addition to Jusuf Kalla’s speech, the seminar also featured a Peace Dialogue between two prominent figures often involved in conflict resolution: UGM sociologist Dr. Lambang Trijono, and the Director of the Institute for Interfaith Dialogue (DIAN Interfidei), Yogyakarta, Dr. A. Elga J. Sarapung. 

The two speakers discussed the most effective conflict resolution methods in this session. Dr. Trijono agreed with Kalla’s earlier remarks, emphasizing that conflict resolution should involve mutual respect and include the conflicting parties in a participatory process. 

“The conflicting parties must be involved in determining both the process and the outcome. This approach, commonly called participatory or democratic, allows them to feel ownership, fostering independence and sustainability, or what in English is called a self-sustaining peace process,” Dr. Trijono explained.

Meanwhile, Dr. Sarapung offered a different perspective, stressing that the practice of justice is crucial in conflict resolution. 

To achieve effective conflict resolution, neutrality and impartiality must be maintained, regardless of the circumstances. 

“An effective approach is, of course, the transformative one, where the government should prioritize justice. This is crucial. There must be no bias for any reason. That’s where policies must align alongside education development,” Dr. Sarapung concluded.

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With the terms of the president and House of Representatives at the national level nearly synchronized with the terms of regional leaders, the structuring of simultaneous elections ensures more connected development planning.

“It’s different if regional elections are held at different times. For example, if the president has already been in office for three years, and a new governor is elected, the governor would have to adapt to the central government’s programs again,” said Dr. Yance Arizona, a lecturer from the Department of Constitutional Law at the UGM Faculty of Law (FH UGM).

“And then, if there’s a new election after four years, there would be more adjustments. This would disrupt development stability.”

He explained that the current model, in which national and regional elections are held close together in the same year, is actually the ideal solution. 

This synchronization allows for smoother coordination between central and regional governments, ensuring that development plans are more connected and less likely to be disrupted by frequent leadership transitions. 

Dr. Arizona made these remarks during a journalist workshop on Thursday (Nov. 7) at the Fortakgama Room. 

The researcher from the UGM Center for Democracy, Constitution, and Human Rights Studies (Pandekha) identified 12 risk issues for this year’s elections. 

One of the most significant risks commonly faced during regional elections is the neutrality of civil servants (ASN) and election organizers and the proliferation of money politics.

Dr. Arizona views money politics as the starting point of corruption. Candidates often make substantial financial investments even before the election begins, which means that once elected, they will likely seek ways to recover their money. 

“A transactional process then occurs in the context of electoral democracy in Indonesia. We wouldn’t have imagined this initially, but that’s what has happened, and many regional leaders have been caught up in corruption,” he said.

Even though simultaneous regional elections are considered a step forward for democracy post-1998 reform, Dr. Arizona argued that it’s possible that in future elections, the public may no longer directly elect their leaders, and the process could be returned to the legislative bodies. 

This is because there is no explicit constitutional requirement for direct elections. Article 18, paragraph 4 of the constitution states that governors, regents, and mayors are to be elected democratically. 

“The current democratic process is interpreted as direct elections. However, it could also be non-direct, and non-direct elections can still be democratic. For instance, leaders could be elected by members of the legislative bodies, and that would still be considered democratic,” he explained.

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The event, held at UGM from Oct. 24 to 27, was themed “Reflection on the Contribution of Islamic Psychology.”

Nineteen national and international figures, including scholars from Malaysia, India, Pakistan, Turkey, Australia, the USA, the UK, Mauritius, and Russia, gathered to discuss the development of Islamic psychology comprehensively.

Dr. Bagus Riyono, President of the International Association of Muslim Psychologists (IAMP), stated that the Islamic Psychology Summit 2024 reflected on the achievements and progress of psychology, which has grown rapidly. 

According to him, the integration of Islamic psychology with modern psychology is necessary to improve global mental health. 

“One of the main objectives of this event is to consolidate the global development of Islamic psychology and use it as a foundation for scientific innovation that contributes to society at large,” said the UGM Psychology Faculty lecturer in a press release on Monday, Oct. 28.

During the meeting, Bagus explained that Islamic psychology experts agreed that Islamic psychology is essential in addressing various human issues involving emotions, cognition, behavior, and spirituality. 

He noted that neglecting spirituality in therapy and the development of human mental health could pose risks to human well-being.

Dr. Riyono emphasized that Islamic psychology, based on the Qur’an and focuses on evidence-based therapy and approaches, develops alongside general psychological advancements. 

“The grand vision of Islamic psychology, which was brought up in this conference, is a comprehensive approach that can meet human needs,” he added.

Dr. Indrayanti, a researcher at the Center for Public Mental Health (CPMH) at the Faculty of Psychology, echoed a similar sentiment. She noted that globalization and technological advances demand a deeper understanding of human behavior. 

According to her, Islamic psychology integrates spiritual and ethical dimensions, providing a holistic approach to strengthening mental well-being.

The conference series began with a pre-conference workshop featuring several practical topics, including Suicide Prevention, presented by Dr. Diana Setiyawati, Director of CPMH, and Dr. Hanan Dover from Charles Sturt University. Other sessions covered Maqasid Methodology and Tazkiya Therapy, delivered by Professor Jasser Auda and Dr. Bagus Riyono, President of IAMP. 

The Maqasid methodology is a systematic literature review of the Qur’an. Meanwhile, Professor G. Hussein Rassool from Charles Sturt University spoke on Islamic Psychotherapy and Counseling.

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This was highlighted in a workshop “Enhancing the Role of Kagama in Downstreaming Research Results and Community Service” on Monday, Oct. 7, 2024, in Room 201, TILC Building, UGM Vocational College. 

The workshop, organized by UGM and UGM Alumni Family (Kagama), featured several speakers, including Dr. Wiratni, a lecturer at the UGM Faculty of Engineering (FT UGM); Dr. Sri Rahayoe, Vice Dean for Research, Community Service, Cooperation, and Alumni of the UGM Faculty of Agricultural Technology (FTP UGM); Vita Krisnadewi, owner of Sinatria Farm; Kagama UMKM; and Sugiharto, a community-based development activist from Kagama South Tangerang.

Krisnadewi shared her insights on how to manage sheep farming in a modern way. 

As the founder of Sinatria Farm with a strong academic background and experience, she emphasized the importance of collaboration between education and industry in developing the livestock sector in Indonesia. 

“Downstream is not just about increasing products’ value, but also how we effectively manage and market livestock outputs,” she said.

In the context of livestock, downstream means not only producing animals but also creating end products with added value, such as meat, milk, or other processed products. 

According to her, downstream is crucial to increase farmers’ incomes and create job opportunities. 

Livestock processing must be done well to ensure the products compete. 

“We need to educate farmers about the importance of processing and marketing,” she revealed.

As a member of Kagama, Krisnadewi is committed to building a supportive farming community. 

She believes that forming a community can provide the necessary education and support to farmers, especially those just starting. 

“We established Kagama Kambing Domba to assist friends who want to farm effectively. This is not just about livestock but also about sharing knowledge and experiences,” she stated.

Meanwhile, Dr. Sri Rahayoe mentioned that FTP UGM aims to be an internationally recognized center of excellence in the sustainable implementation of the tri-dharma (three pillars of higher education). 

In practice, downstream involves collaboration with other sectors. 

She highlighted one project, the Irrigation Water Management System (SIPASI), in collaboration with the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing and farmer communities. 

“This project aims to modernize irrigation, improve water use efficiency, and reduce conflicts among farmers regarding water resources,” she explained.

In addition to the SIPASI project, FTP UGM is also developing initiatives for soybean commodities through the Smart Agro Enterprise Soybean (SAI KEDELAI) program. 

This program integrates technology into soybean cultivation, including sensors to monitor weather conditions and fertilizer needs and efficient post-harvest processing systems. 

“This innovation increases crop yields and empowers farmers to secure better prices,” she stated.

Through various downstream programs and innovations, FTP UGM demonstrates a solid commitment to creating sustainable solutions for Indonesian agriculture. 

With a collaborative approach and the application of modern technology, FTP strives to enhance the productivity and quality of agricultural outputs while making a real contribution to society. 

With optimism, she hopes their research results can be widely applied, providing competitive advantages and benefits for all involved.

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The conference, organized by the Karst Research Group of the UGM Faculty of Geography in collaboration with the International Union of Speleology and the Asian Union of Speleology, aimed to showcase the diversity and uniqueness of karst regions across Asia.

The Dean of the UGM Graduate School, Professor Siti Malkhamah, stated that advancements in cave and karst science in Asia have led to the emergence of karst communities in various institutions. 

She noted that the conference is significant as it unites the global cave and karst community to share experiences and knowledge, raise awareness about caves and karst in Asia, and contribute to global conservation efforts. 

“Universities, communities, practitioners, and governments are invaluable resources for the development and protection of cave and karst sciences,” Professor Malkhamah said in a statement sent to journalists on Wednesday (Aug. 21).

Professor Malkhamah explained that the conference aims to enhance collaboration in cave exploration and karst conservation and disseminate findings from expeditions and explorations conducted by speleologists across Asia. 

She emphasized that the Karst Conference is not merely an academic meeting but a crucial step toward strengthening global karst research and conservation partnerships. 

She added, “By gathering experts and practitioners, this conference can bolster collective efforts in climate action and ecosystem restoration, ensuring the sustainability of karst regions for future generations.“

Aziz Fadhani, a participant from the Indonesian Speleological Society (ISS), shared that his goal for attending the conference was to build a network on karst and cave issues and update research insights in speleology. 

“At ISS, in addition to cave and karst exploration, we also advocate for issues related to the management and conservation of karst and cave areas in Indonesia,” he said.

The conference covered various themes, including Karst Hydrology and Hydrogeology, Karst and Cave Biodiversity, Karst and Cave Management, Karst Geomorphology and Geology, Physical Geography, Political and Socio-Cultural Aspects of Karst, and Cave and Karst Survey and Expedition Reports.

The conference featured speakers such as Dr. Georgi Veni, Executive Director of the National Cave and Karst Research Institute; Professor Eko Haryono, Coordinator of the UGM Karst Research Group; Dr. Nadja Zupan Hajna, a researcher at the Karst Research Institute Slovenia; and John Gunn, a scientist at the University of Birmingham.

Andy Eavis, Managing Director of AJE Ltd.; Professor Yuanhai Zhang, a researcher at the International Research Center of Karst China; Professor Suratman of the Faculty of Geography; and Johannes Mattes, Secretary of the International Union of Speleology, also spoke at the event.

At the end of the conference, participants were invited to visit the Indonesian Karst Museum, Seropan Cave, andNgingrong Cave and experience cave tubing. 

This tour aimed to provide participants with valuable experiences that would help them appreciate the natural and cultural richness of the Special Region of Yogyakarta.

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This annual seminar, organized by the Department of Fisheries since 2003, aims to disseminate research findings in fisheries and marine science.

Held on Saturday, Jul. 27, 2024, the seminar focused on spreading research results that are expected to be applied and integrated into the development of Indonesia’s fisheries and marine sectors. One hundred forty-nine participants from 32 institutions attended the event.

Dr. Senny Helmiati, the Chair of the Committee, reported that the institutions involved in disseminating research covered various fields, including fish biology, aquaculture biotechnology, genetics & breeding, fish nutrition & feed, diseases & environment, aquaculture engineering, fisheries biology, oceanography, fisheries resource management, fishing techniques, socio-economics of fisheries, microbiology & biotechnology of fisheries products, quality & safety of fish products, functional food from aquatic products, and post-harvest handling of fish products.

Dr. Jaka Widada, Dean of Agriculture at UGM, attended the seminar, which was opened by Professor Mirwan Ushada, Director of Research at UGM.

During the opening, Professor Ushada highlighted that fisheries and marine science are among UGM’s research flagship areas in food security. 

Therefore, the synergy between research activities and development programs is crucial to ensure that research results contribute effectively to optimal and sustainable fisheries and marine development.

The seminar’s two keynote speakers were Dr. Triyanto (Faculty of Agriculture, UGM) and Dr. Arif Taslihan (Researcher, Brackish Water Aquaculture Research Group, National Research and Innovation Agency).

Dr. Triyanto presented “Issues and Prospects of Antibiotic Use in Indonesian Aquaculture,” while Dr. Taslihan discussed “Disease Issues and Control in Shrimp Farming.”

Dr. Triyanto noted that improving aquaculture production in Indonesia is closely linked to using medicines and antibiotics. 

Several aspects need attention, including better regulations on antibiotic use, the need for professional education specialized in fish health, and the search for new medicines or antibiotics specifically for fish.

Dr. Taslihan highlighted that the biggest challenge in aquaculture is disease. Shrimp farming has faced significant losses due to diseases worldwide.

Some shrimp diseases that have occurred in Indonesia include Monodon BaculoVirus (MBV), Infectious Hematopoietic and Hypodermal Necrotic Virus (IHHNV), White Spot Diseases (WSS), Infectious Myonecrosis Virus (IMNV), White Feces Syndrome (WFS), Enterocytozoon Hepatopenaei (EHP), and Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND). 

Strategies to combat these diseases include active surveillance and pathogen detection tools, the development of probiotics and antibiotics, and vaccination with molecules from pathogens and hosts.

“These efforts are aimed at enhancing the competitiveness of aquaculture products for increased domestic consumption and export,” he said.

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The workshop, held in the new UGM Faculty of Law (FH UGM) building, was opened by Adrianto Dwi Nugroho, Vice Dean for Academic, Student Affairs, and Collaboration.

Dr. Hilary Finchum-Sung, President of the Association for Asian Studies; Dr. Krisna Uk, Program Manager of the Association for Asian Studies; Professor David Webster, Chair of History and Global Studies at Bishop’s University and member of the International Advisory Board at Centro Nacional Chega, Timor-Leste; and Professor Diatri Nari Ratih, Secretary of the UGM Directorate of Research, among others, were present at the workshop.

Adrianto Dwi Nugroho welcomed the delegates to the Timor Leste-Indonesia Workshop at AAS-in-Asia 2024 at FH UGM.

“We are truly honored to have you here with us today. On behalf of the dean and the faculty, I extend a warm welcome to FH UGM,” he said on Monday (Jul. 8).

Nugroho stated that this one-day pre-conference workshop, co-sponsored by UGM and the Association for Asian Studies through the Timor Leste Studies Initiative, would address two main themes.

Firstly, the memory and role of young Timorese studying in Indonesia in the 1990s will deepen historical understanding, raise human rights awareness, and enhance knowledge of Timor-Indonesia relations in the past. Secondly, the Timor-Indonesia reconciliation panel will improve understanding and rights awareness, as mandated in the Chega and CTF reports.

“I thank the entire committee for their significant contributions in preparing this event. I hope this workshop will enlighten our insights and increase our awareness of this important matter,” Nugroho explained.

Meanwhile, Dr. Hilary Finchum-Sung said in her speech that the Association for Asian Studies has existed since 1941. 

The organization and its membership are dedicated to Asian studies and have developed many programs over the years, including publication programs, conferences, various types of workshops and events, and grant programs for members and non-members of AAS.

“We developed a five-year strategic plan with many goals a few years ago. One of them includes strengthening relationships, outreach, and networks in Asia,” she said.

Furthermore, she conveyed that when AAS developed the strategic plan, they decided to focus on Asian studies. With that decision, it was indeed time for AAS to truly reach out and interact with communities in the Asian continent and beautiful places like Indonesia.

“Tomorrow, we will hold the first AAS-in-Asia in Indonesia, and we are very proud and happy to be here and partner with UGM,” she revealed.

As part of the strategic plan, AAS has a concept known as Global Asias. This concept discusses population flows and engagement and refers to a perspective not bound by a specific timeline.

The concept does not separate current events or developments from those that occurred in the past but rather sees them as part of a unified whole.

Additionally, Global Asias does not limit Asian populations to a specific geographic location. Instead, it encompasses the global Asian community, including the Asian diaspora spread worldwide, involving people from various places and backgrounds, not only from the Asian region but also those living and interacting in multiple parts of the world.

“Regarding Timor-Leste, AAS has played a significant role in helping to develop the field of Timor-Leste studies, or at least to engage in its study,” Dr. Finchum-Sung explained.

It all started in 2017 with the annual conference in Toronto. At that time, there was an opportunity to bring together Timor-Leste scholars worldwide, including scholars from Timor-Leste, Australia, Japan, Portugal, Canada, and others.

“This allowed people to meet in person and discuss their research. The Henry Luce Foundation funded the first workshop. Once again, I would like to thank Professor Wening Udasmoro of UGM, who has been instrumental in connecting us with UGM and playing a key role in this event,” she explained.

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However, she also cautioned that infrastructure development can have negative impacts, including environmental damage, social disruption, and economic inequality. An overreliance on specific infrastructures, such as the electrical grid, can also pose risks if disruptions occur.

“Therefore, this webinar is expected to serve as a platform for stakeholders to discuss how to resolve contradictions in infrastructure development, leading to more mature planning, sustainable management, and a balance between the benefits and impacts of infrastructure development in fostering spatial interactions within a region,” she stated at Pustral UGM on Monday (Jun. 24) while opening the webinar titled “Exploring the Benefits and Impacts of Infrastructure Development on Regional Spatial Planning.”

The webinar, organized by Pustral UGM, featured speakers including Professor Bakti Setiawan, a Pustral UGM expert team member and lecturer in the UGM Master’s Program in Urban and Regional Planning, and Kayyisa Fitri, a Pustral UGM researcher who served as the moderator.

As a speaker, Professor Setiawan highlighted several notes regarding infrastructure development, including the need to revisit regional development concepts. He pointed out that concepts such as “growth centers” and “trickle-down effects” or ‘core’ and ‘periphery’ are no longer fully relevant and have proven less successful, as evidenced by the high regional disparities.

He also advocated for both separation and integration of infrastructure on national, provincial, local, and community scales. This multi-scale development is crucial for coordination and integration among various stakeholders, both horizontally and vertically.

“The approach in the Spatial Planning Law, which is based on hierarchical structure and spatial patterns as manifested in National Activity Centers (PKN), Regional Activity Centers (PKW), and Local Activity Centers (PKL), as well as the Sub-Regional Planning concept managed by the Regional Infrastructure Development Agency (BPIW), needs to be assessed for effectiveness,” he stated.

He noted that recent developments such as globalization and free trade, which result in fluid capital flows, and rapid advances in information technology, which shorten distances and time, must be anticipated. 

The local economic development (LED) approach would be more appropriate if linked with regional development concepts based on macro and comprehensive spatial planning.

“Moreover, the ideas of ‘regional development corridors’ combined with the LED approach should be explored. Hence, local initiatives and innovations become more crucial,” he added.

In the concluding part of his discussion, he emphasized that infrastructure serves as a ‘means goal’ towards achieving specific ‘end goals.’ Infrastructure has dual aspects: growth and basic service/equity.

According to him, the major issues are coordination and synergy among various sectors/stakeholders, necessitating a strong institutional framework. Spatial planning must and can serve as a medium for coordination and synergy to ensure that infrastructure investment stimulates regional development and equity.

“Furthermore, new regional development models must be developed within the larger sustainability framework, including Local Economic Resources Development (LERD) and Regional Corridor Development. Additionally, innovative financing schemes like Private Finance Initiative (PFI), Public-Private Partnership (PPP), and Land Value Capture (LVC) should be encouraged to promote active spatial planning,” he concluded.

Four hundred sixty-nine participants attended the webinar from various sectors, including the central and regional governments, state-owned enterprises (BUMN), academics, associations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), consultants/professionals, and the media.

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